History of Womens Basketball Essay Example

History of Womens Basketball Essay In the late 19th century, a thirty-one year old graduate, James Naismith, with great vision to create an indoor pastime was given that very opportunity. Inside the gymnasium of Springfield College, formally known as International YMCA training school, the sport of Basketball was created. With nothing but a few active college students, a soccer ball, two peach baskets as goals, and thirteen rules to govern thus giving birth to basketball. News of the 30 minute game began to rapidly spread and it was an instant success. Without the well-represented international background of the college, basketball would not have been introduced to many places around the world.James Naismith invented basketball in December of 1891. Less than one year later, women physical education students at Smith College were introduced to the game. Soon women were playing the new sport across the country. Fast forward to the early twenty-first century. Women and girls play basketball in parks and recreation leagues, high school, college, in the Olympics, even in the professional Womens National Basketball Association (Jenkins). The journey from Smith College to the WNBA, however, was a long and difficult one, full of false starts and broken promises. Almost from the beginning, women were constrained in their opportunities to play basketball. Physical education professionals argued that, â€Å"Athletic competition was unladylike and basketball too strenuous for females† (Jenkins). Few colleges fielded intercollegiate teams, and the sport struggled at the high school level. The women who could play were forced to compete under rules that limited their ability to run the entire court. Basketball was not always a beloved activity for women. With a successful target audience of young male athletes, basketball was faced with the issue of implementation into larger associations such as college or professional sports. Whilst competing with the gender inequality already be We will write a custom essay sample on History of Womens Basketball specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on History of Womens Basketball specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on History of Womens Basketball specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Amina, African Warrior Queen of Zazzau

Amina, African Warrior Queen of Zazzau Known for:  warrior queen, extending the territory of her people.  While stories about her could be legends, scholars believe she was an actual person who ruled in what is now the Zaria province of Nigeria. Dates: about 1533 - about 1600Occupation: Queen of ZazzauAlso Known as: Amina Zazzau, princess of ZazzauReligion: Muslim Sources of the History of Amina Oral tradition includes many stories about Amina of Zazzau, but scholars generally accept that the stories are based on a real person who ruled Zazzau, a Hausa city-state which is now Zaria province in Nigeria. The dates of Aminas life and rule are in dispute among scholars.  Some place her in the 15th century and some in the 16th.  Her story does not appear in writing until Muhammed Bello wrote of her accomplishments in the  Ifaq al-Maysur  which dates to 1836. The Kano Chronicle, a history written in the 19th century from earlier sources, mentions her as well, putting her rule in the 1400s. She is not mentioned in the list of rulers written from oral history in the 19th century and published in the early 20th, though the ruler Bakwa Turunka  appears there, Aminas mother. The name Amina means truthful or honest. Background, Family Grandfather: probably ruler of ZazzauMother: Bakwa of Turunka, ruling queen of ZazzauBrother: Karama (ruled as king, 1566-1576)Sister: Zariya, for whom the city of Zaria may be namedAmina refused to marry and had no children About Amina, Queen of Zazzau Aminas mother, Bakwa of Turunka, was the founding  ruler of Zazzauas a kingdom, one of many Hausa city-kingdoms involved in trade.  The collapse of the Songhai empire left a gap in power that these city-states filled. Amina, born in the city of Zazzau, was trained in skills of government and military warfare and fought in battles with her brother, Karama. In 1566, when Bakwa died, Aminas younger brother Karama became king. In 1576 when Karama died, Amina, now about 43, became Queen of Zazzau. She used her military prowess to expand the territory of Zazzau to the mouth of the Niger in the south and including Kano and Katsina in the north. These military conquests led to great wealth, both because they opened more trading routes and because conquered territories had to pay tribute. She is credited with building walls around her camps during her military ventures, and with building a wall around the city of Zaria.  Mud walls around cities became known as Aminas walls. Amina is also credited with initiating the cultivation of kola nuts in the area she ruled. While she never married perhaps imitating Queen Elizabeth I of England and had no children, legends tell of her taking, after a battle, a man from among the enemy, and spending the night with him, then killing him in the morning so he could tell no stories. Amina ruled for 34 years before her death. According to the legend, she was killed in a military campaign near Bida, Nigeria. In Lagos State, at the National Arts Theatre, there is a statue of Amina.  Many schools are named for her.

Ultimate Dimension and Ultimate Reality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Ultimate Dimension and Ultimate Reality - Essay Example This source is known as ultimate reality, defined as the true state of how things are. It offers the standard for measuring the nature of man and reality in relation to Him or It. The norm for a person’s understanding of divine reality is linked to the norms of meaning in manly structures of apprehension, as well as, the self-affirming norm that is given in a religious setting. Enlightenment or revelation is achieved when the inner norm of a religious background and a person’s normative structure of meaning come together (The Gale Group). Regarding ultimate reality in Christianity, Christians believe that God exists as the Father; he reveals himself as both triune and personal. He has no beginning or origin in a primeval impersonal essence. The term â€Å"person† was initially used in Greece as a term for actors’ mask. Nonetheless, in Christian theology, each person on the Holy Trinity has fullness in the divine nature. The Ultimate Reality ontological cha racter is defined by relation and reality that is between the three. This means that, the Holy Trinity is not a tri-theism (sum of three Gods) or a monopersonal God that takes the modalistic heresy (assuming the three distinct forms successively). God as a being is not outside the three as described in the Holy Trinity. God only exists as the Father, Son and the Holy Spirit; therefore, there is no Ultimate Reality above or beyond the Holy Trinity. None of the three should be taken as some type of god like the Hindu Ishvara, which refers to a first manifestation of the Brahman personalization. The accent, in defining divinity, must be taken from Ultimate Reality impersonal view to the individual character of the Holy Trinity, including the relation that exists between the three. God exists through omniscience, omnipotence and love, characterized by perfect harmony and unity (The Gale Group). The Holy Trinity is characterized by perfect love, will or deed; therefore, none manifests it self by infringing on the other. In the Bible, God does not show Ultimate Reality that goes beyond himself. He is not a God that comes and goes or is situated far outside the impersonal absolute. 2. Cultural Dimension of Religion Cultural dimensions refer to a number of value constructs or psychological dimensions that can be used in the description of a culture. There is always an element of symbolism in every religion, and since symbolism is the centre of culture, it means religion has a crucial cultural dimension. Nonetheless, religion is also made up of status and power relations just like the rest of social institutions. Frederick Streng suggests that the cultural dimension of any religion is linked to historical conditions. During the time of Jesus, Rome had imposed many aspects of its culture on the world of Jesus at the time. However, the Semite nation has its own unique and long historical background. The Jewish people stuck to their religion despite being ruled by the Roma ns, for instance, they continued celebrating Passover and sustaining their sense of liberty. The Jews were offended with the way King Herod used Roman architecture to dictate the Roman way of life (Rabbi Eckstein). CITATION FOR QUESTION NO. 2 King heavily taxed the Jews to build an expanded Jerusalem Temple. These heavy taxes led to the disintegration of the family life in the land of Jews as addressed by Jesus in the Gospels. Jesus and the early church had to navigate their way through the uncertainties of imperial dominion during their time. The life of Muhammad as a child was a difficult one. Born in Mecca in 570 AD, Muhammad

Laboratory 4 Report ( HMST 2530 ) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Laboratory 4 Report ( HMST 2530 ) - Essay Example nvolved an assessment of the effects of practice with the dominant hand on the performance in tracing the star through a mirror view with the non-dominant hand. The results indicated that the practice group performed better than the control group. Overall, the data suggest that the means of training may impact the learning processes associated with the acquisition of fine motor skills. The study of motor control involves an empirical assessment of the neurological factors critical to the acquisition of motor skills. The development of motor skills requires the ability to execute learned movements toward a directed result. This process requires learning. Skills require accuracy and the ability to execute motor functions in a controlled fashion. The study of motor behaviour involves an attempt to ascertain the mechanism by which motor skills are produced. This area encompasses motor development, control and learning. Fine motor skills require little actual movement but require precision and control of fine muscle activities involving the manipulation of tools or objects. The experiments conducted in this laboratory practicum have explored principles of fine motor control in an experimental setting to assess critical factors associated with learning new fine motor skills. Skilled motor performance requires an organized sequence of movements associated with temporal organization. Other components of fine motor skills include accuracy and consistency of performance to produce purposeful activity. Learning may be defined as a change in behaviour that results from experience and practice; it is not an innate behavour. Learning is generally assessed by evaluating changes in performance. Performance may be defined as observable behaviour. Important measurements of learning include rate of response, error, reminiscence, and trials. The most important assessment tool of learning is retention, which involves the ability to perform after a period in which no

Critical Analysis of the Use of Fate Imagery in The Tale of Kieu Essay

Critical Analysis of the Use of Fate Imagery in The Tale of Kieu - Essay Example In most cases, abstract imagery bears imposed characteristic. Fate imagery is one of the abstract imageries that have been traditionally used in literature all over the world from the very beginning of human civilization. In Nguyen Du’s â€Å"The Tale of Kieu† fate imagery plays a very crucial role in the development of the theme of the poem. I say this because in â€Å"the Tale of Kieu† fate has been portrayed as a villain that inflicts pains, sufferings and miseries upon the protagonist, Kieu. Indeed it is fate that takes a test of Kieu’s virtues and psychological strength. To a great extent, fate appears as a scapegoat which, in a number of ways, serves as the replacement of the oppressive patriarchy. Very often Kieu tends to blame her fate for the pains and sufferings in her life. In a male dominated society she is conventionally accustomed to accept the male hegemony as it is. Though her sufferings are mainly induced by her male counterparts, she fail s to acknowledge them as the root cause of her sufferings. She accuses fate of causing sufferings to women, while ignoring the inferior position women subjugated by men: â€Å"Since ages out of mind, / harsh fate has cursed all women, sparing none. / As I see her lie there, it hurts to think / what will become of me in later days.† (Line 106-110) Kieu believes that women are cursed by fate for ages. She is fully aware of the legacy of the social injustice that women have had to face. She knows that she is also destined to face the same fate: â€Å"As I see her lie there, it hurts to think / what will become of me in later days† (Line 109110). Indeed Kieu’s view of â€Å"cursed womanhood† is the reflection of what Confucian patriarchy teaches them to think of themselves. In Confucian women are viewed as some existence that is both physically and mentally fragile and frail. They are beautiful but weak. Therefore they should be under tutelage of their male g uardians such father, brother or husband. They should go against the decision of their male guardians. A girl needs the guardianship more than a boy does, because she is fated to be such. For Kieu, fate is somewhat that equals to God to a great extent. In some cases fate seems to be God’s decision. She believes that either fate or God is responsible for cursed womanhood. When Dam Tien’s lover mourns at her deathbed saying, â€Å"Harsh is the fate that has kept us apart! / Since in this life we are not meant to meet, / let me pledge you my troth for our next life† (Line 74-76), he essentially refers to heavenly decision. Indeed fate’s association with God’s decision is evident in the following lines in which she directly accuses God of being cruel: â€Å"How sorrowful is women's lot! -she cried / We all partake of woe, our common fate. / Creator, why are you so mean and cruel / blighting green days and fading rose-fresh cheeks?† (Line 82-5) I n these lines, â€Å"Creator† or God is directly held responsible for â€Å"women’s sorrowful lot†. Kieu considers God’s decision as women’s â€Å"common fate†. She believes that god is responsible for â€Å"fading rose-fresh cheeks†. Indeed the frequent of fate imagery in â€Å"the Tale of Kieu†, contributes a lot to the portrayal of the faith of Confucian society

The Bargaining Power Of Supplier And Generic Strategy Business Essay

The Bargaining Power Of Supplier And Generic Strategy Business Essay Generic strategy is the framework that explains in competitive advantage. According to Porter (Campbell, 2002), the generic strategy was insisted that there are three main options which are the best fit to the competition between firms that are differentiation, cost leadership and focus. In the past, the most consumers of computer market might know only Windows OS (operating system). Therefore in order to compete with large firm like Microsoft and the other, the differentiation strategy has been chosen by Steve Jobs. As a result, Macintosh, iPod and iPhone had been published and Apple can be achieved in several years later. Porters five forces analysis The bargaining power of supplier More bargaining power of supplier can determine less profitability in any companies (Smit, 2006). On the other hand, it can refer to the benefit of the buyer who may get better quality products. Apple Company has published the supplier responsibility report which explains the detail of Apples supplier standard (Apple, 2010). In addition, as can be seen from this report, Apple has tried to improve the efficiency of their supplier in order to meet their expectation and may reduce the bargaining power of their supplier. There is no doubt that Apple Company is still rapidly growing (Apple, 2010a), therefore the company still looking for new suppliers. Moreover, Apple has developed an ecosystem to obtain the best possible value and benefit to their customers and stakeholders. To decrease the bargaining power of Apples suppliers, the company allows new suppliers to register online on the companys website (Apple, 2010). Moreover, due to Apple is the leader technology company which has large demand of raw material. Thus, there are a plenty of suppliers which have been registered in order to be the Apples suppliers. Then, when there are more competitive among large number of suppliers, the bargaining power of them will be decreased. The bargaining power of buyer In order to achieve in the majority of markets, a company should meet the expectations of their customers which come from age, income, educational level, or even personality (Gilligan Wilson, 2003). Buyers seem to be more prices sensitive if the products are not differentiated because they can alternative to another retailer (Smit, 2006). However, Apple Companys positioning more focuses on less price sensitive customers which suppose to purchase premium product. Therefore, brand image of Apple had been created in order to contain the royalty of their customer and try to maintain their premium position. In addition, the product of Apple has been created base on differentiated and their customer requirement which cannot find from the other brands. (from lecture in the class) Furthermore, due to Apples products are differentiated form the other brands and the loyalty of Apple brand is quite high level, the bargaining power of buyers are therefore quite low. Threat of new entrance An entering of new companies to the industry may cause of decreasing the market share of the company (Hill Jones, 2009). However, Kurtz et al (2007) state that differentiation of product and brand as well as having a strong marketing strategy like competitive advantage might help the company to maintain the market share and generate profit. According to Apple (2010b), the operating system of Mac has been designed to unable to infect any PC viruses or any malware whereas Windows which is the operating system of Microsoft brand can be infected by varieties of PC viruses. Additionally, Graphical User Interface (GUI) of Apples applications is also different from the other brands. Furthermore, as can be seen Apple is differentiated from the other brand which make them have a strong position in the market. However, their competitors of MP3, phone, OS, Laptop PC, and the other products (Sony, Nokia, Microsoft, Dell, and so on) have tried to compete with Apple and they try to improve themselves as well as Apple Company. Consequently, the threat of new entry in Apple Companys level is low to medium and may increase in the future. , Threat of substitute product The products can be substituted by the same need of consumers (Campbell et al, 2002). For instance, if consumers want to buy a laptop, there are many choice of laptop which has similar performance and the same Operating System. Therefore they can pick the brand they want, nothing so different. However, Campbell (2002) insisted that the threat of substitute might have 2 factors which are the price and performance of the substitute and willingness of buyers to switch to the substitute. First the price and performance of the substitute, According to the feature of iPhone4 which is the earliest product of Apple, it combined together with smart phone which including FaceTime function, high quality camera and video recording, MP3, map and much more features. As a consequence, it is difficult for the other firms to substitute this company. In contrast, the price of Apples products is quiet high hence if the need of customer is not met, thus the competitor of Apple may have an opportunity to substitute the market. Secondly the willingness of buyers to switch to the substitute, the buyers may want to change supplier if they found the brand that have similar performance but cheaper. In Apple case, the customers are quiet high loyalty in the brand. As can be seen from Daily mail news (First Poulter, 2010), the first day that iPhone 4 released, there were crowned of people queued in front of their shops around the world. Furthermore, Campbell (2002) stated that the thread of substitute of the product can be as reduced as more buyers loyalty of the products. Consequently, the thread of substitute product of Apple is quiet low. The intensity of rivalry among competitor in the industry Businesses usually compete with each other in many ways for example, pricing, promotion, advertising and additional services (Campbell, 2002). In addition, Smit (2006) supports the idea that to compete between firms is similar to the jockeying for position which many tactics are used to compete with each other. Moreover, Campbell (2002) insists that the fifth force is the most important in five forces model and 3 factors of the fifth force have been explained. First the height of entry barriers and the number and size of the competitors in the industry (Campbell, 2002: p. 140), as mentioned above Apple have large firms to be their competitors such as Sony, Microsoft and more. On the other hand, due to the differentiated and quality of Apples products, it results in that Apple is in the first position of the most innovative company and their financial situation is successful (Bloomberg Businessweek, 2010) Second the degree of brand loyalty of customers (Campbell, 2002: p.141), as can be seen on the first day of releasing iPhone 4 (First Poulter, 2010) that there were more than thousands of people who queued to purchase iPhone 4 around the world, it additionally shows that the Apples brand loyalty of customers is high. Hence, the intense competition of Apple is quiet low. Third the power of buyers and availability of substitutes (Campbell, 2002: p.141), due to the differentiated in Apples products, it results in low bargaining power of the buyers and low availability of substitutes also. Conclusion In conclusion, due to achievement of Apples differentiated, the loyalty of their customers among the products and many firms want to be a part of Apples supplier, it result in low bargaining power of supplier and buyers, quiet low thread of new entrant and substitute of product and the intensity of rivalry is low. Thus it may be conclude that there are not many effects from five forces on Apple Company.

Art Exhibition Review: Valerie Andrianoff Essay -- Valerie Andrianoff

The Gallery presented a set of bronze sculptures made by a French artist called Valerie Andrianoff. Val’s works of art can be perceived as a search for balance and stability as the heading of this exhibition has already suggested â€Å"The Balance of Life† (Byrs-Lasquier, n.d.). In the following, a few of her works will be selected to illustrate what kind of ideas she is trying to express and how I feel about these sculptures. Most of the human figures created by Val are small. We can rarely see their facial expression. Most of the people may find them not beautiful, but through the figures and their body movements, artist’s idea of presenting balance really achieves. Like the two Small Round Table (Fig. 1 & 2), the figure is slim and slender who tries to balance the body in a whirling or rotating table, echoing the name of this exhibition The Balance of Life. It seems that these two works of art try to show people in this fast changing and spinning world have to take the first step to seek the equilibrium when finding their own role. The movements of the two figures are also like touching a water surface and make it swirls, creating a special visual effect that is pleasant to look at. The images of circle appear quite frequently in Val’s bronze sculptures. For instance, Loneliness (Fig. 3) shows a human being surrounds by a number of circles that give an impression to resemble our round-shaped world. This work of art looks as if the person is in his own mental world with no other people present. As the name of this work suggests, this person is probably in a state of loneliness and meditates in this revolving world. Loneliness too creates a sense of balance when putting a small and slim figure on a strip of circle. Running In A... ...he human beings. Sometimes leaving the reality and trying to meditate or think of our roles in the real world may be another kind of psychotherapy to help us to achieve a balance in our life. Works Cited Byrs-Lasquier, P. (n.d.). Retrieved December 3, 2009, from http://www.sculptureval.com/index.shtml Fichner-Rathus, L. (1998). Understanding Art (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, N. J.: Prentice Hall. Winckelmann, J. (1764). The History of Ancient Art. In L. Eitner (Ed.), Neoclassicism and Romanticism 1750-1850 (pp. 16-19). New York: Harper & Row. Fine Arts Interactive Visual Archive [Image] (n.d.). Retrieved December 3, 2009, from http://finearts.hku.hk/faiva/slides/imagepop/3871 Wellington Gallery [Image] (n.d.). Retrieved December 3, 2009, from http://www.wellingtongallery.com.hk/exhibitions/ http://www.wellingtongallery.com.hk/artists/of/the/month/

Strategy Formulation

Yeo’s compete directly with one another at what is called the business level of strategic management. Competitors may be individual business units of a larger corporation or they may be stand- alone businesses. Because competition takes place at the business level, strategic management here is crucial to the overall success for Yeo’s . Accordingly, the concept of competitive advantage is both the focus of the three subsequent on strategy formulation. There is three parts that reflect the three major considerations in formulating a business- level strategy.The first part is to discuss alternative competitive advantages (Overall cost leadership, differentiation and focus group) and the strength and limitation of each. Yeo’s company has competitive advantage whenever it can attract customers and defend against competitive force better than its rivals. Successful competitive strategies usually involve building uniquely strong or distinctive edge over rivals. Some exa mple of distinctive competencies are superior technology and product features, better manufacturing technology and skills, superior sales and distribution capabilities and better customer service and convenience.Competitive strategy is about being different. It means deliberately choosing to perform activities differently or to perform different activities than rivals to deliver an unique mix of value. (Michael E. Porter). The essence of strategy lies in creating tomorrow competitive advantages faster than competitor mimic the one you possess today. (Gary Hamel & C. K. Prahalad). Overall cost leadership strategy The classic cost leadership strategy involves offering a no-frills product aimed at the most typical customer in a large target market.Anything to do with cost which related to money example raw material is cheap, workers salary is low facilities that Yeo’s can bite with the competitor. Because cost can usually be lowered as a product become more standardized, low-cos t manufacturing strive for long production runs and low- cost uniform packages. By targeting broadly defined markets with standard products, production technique can be used to create the greatest possible benefits from economies of scale and experience curve effect. Such as price sensitive customer do not mind about the price but customer care about the taste and uality like Maggie and Kraft. In this case Yeo’s should apply leadership strategy low- cost producers are protected from customer pressure to lower prices. Competitors cannot consistently price below what is known as their survival price, that which allow profit margins just adequate to maintain a business. The low- cost leader has a lower survival price than other competitor does, so customer will not be able to play one competing supplier against another to force prices below a level at which the cost leader can still make profit.Yeo’s would force less efficient suppliers out business, leaving the low-cost supplier with a monopoly. New entrants competing on the basic of price must face the low-cost leader without having the experience necessary to become efficient. Yeo’s company cumulative volume of production increase and the company gains experience in providing a particular good or service, production costs tend to decrease the experience curve effect. To the extent that experience affects costs in a particular industry, the low-cost leader is likely to have already moved far down its experience curve.New entrants lacking this experience will not enjoy a comparable cost reduction benefit and may be forced to enter market using some of the competitive advantages not related to low pricing. Holding the low-cost position may convince rivals not to enter a price war. Price wars can be ruinous to all competitor involved. Customer do not mind of the price whether is cheap or expensive, they only care about good quality and good taste which they trust on Yeo’s product. Diffe rentiation Differentiation strategies can help the company to differentiation their products offering by customizing product to suit consumer specific requirements.Appealing to broad cross- section of the market through offering differentiating features that make customer willing to pay premium price. Example quality, prestige, special features, service and convenience. Success with this type of strategy requires differentiation features that are hard or expensive for competitor to duplicate. Sustainable differentiation usually comes from advantages in core competencies, unique company resources or capabilities and superior management of value chain activities. Some condition that tend to favor differentiation strategies by Yeo’s company: * There are multiple ways to differentiate the product and ervice that buyers think have substantial value. * Buyers have different need or uses of the product and service * Product innovations and technological change are rapid and competit ion emphases the latest product features. Corporate Level Strategy In this aspect of strategy, we are concerned with broad decision about the total organization scope and direction. Basically, we consider what changes should be made in growth objective and strategy for achieving it, the lines of business we are in, and how these lines of business fit together.It is useful to think of three components of corporate strategy a) growth strategy b) portfolio strategy and c) parenting strategy. Growth strategy All growth strategies can be classified into one of two fundamental categories: concentration within existing industries or diversification into other line of business. When Yeo’s company current industries are attractive, have a good growth potential and do not face with serious threats, concentrating resources in the existing industries make good sense.Diversification tends to have a greater risk but is an appropriate option when a company current industries have little gro wth potential or are unattractive in other way. When an industry consolidates and becomes mature, unless there are other markets to seek, a company may have no choice for growth but diversification. Portfolio Analysis The experience curve is based on the concept that costs are a direct function of accumulated market share. Market share equates to profitability and cash flow.Market share equates to profitability and cash flow. Yeo’s company that successful in sub business unit and product lines will generate large cash flow as the sub business or products move toward maturity as contrasted to large cash requirement of sub business units and product lines in Yeo’s growth and development stages. As sub business units and products lines decline, cash flow will diminish and fade away. Effective utilization of cash flows and the nurturing of the most productive units requires management constant surveillance.The diversified company with multiple product lines has the opportu nity to balance cash flows and channel investment into the most promising areas of its portfolio. Diversified portfolio enables a company to control its internal allocation of resources. The ability to utilize tax losses from one units as an offset against a profitable one is an important advantages. Investing funds from a profitable maturing unit and product into the growing and cash- demanding part of Yeo’s, which show a tax loss, effectively lower the cost of the capital and provides an avenue for future growth through internally generated funds.The basis for portfolio analysis and the channeling of available investment funds into the most promising and productive units of the firms is based on the structure and philosophy of management. Its approach to control sub business unit and product lines, its attitude toward risk and growth and its interpretation of its life- cycle position are factors which have an impact on the effective use of portfolio management.Yeo’s which structure its diversified units into separate independent profit center entities with each area depending on its own resource may factors out the flexibility and advantages inherent in its diversification. Concentration on short-run profit and ignoring the potential growth sectors of the portfolio because of the initial lack of cash flow and profitability can lead to cash-draining in the defensive stage of the company Yeo’s life cycle and eventual movement into the decline. International strategy Mergers The threat of takeover was management of companies targeted for acquisition.The threat of takeover was more likely for companies which had low price and earnings ratios. The relatively low prices of the stock of Yeo’s company in relation to earning was attractive to aggressive expanding enterprises, particular the conglomerates. These predicated Yeo’s growth mainly on effecting financial synergy by trading the stock, which had high multiple of price to ear nings, for the stock of Yeo’s company with significantly lower price. Many effective strategies were developed by vulnerable companies to prevent unwanted takeover.Compatible mergers in such instances may provide an increase in the economies of scale and an increase in market share for the combined unit without the fear of cutthroat competition. The nature of the industry is an important factor determining the likelihood of acquisition and mergers. The mature industries which are generally dominated by large companies are less likely to have industry acquisitions and mergers. The new industries, which still lack dominant size in individual companies and are technologically oriented and most likely to have industry acquisitions and mergers.

Free Essays on Typwriters

Typewriter patents date back to 1713, and the first typewriter proven to have worked was built by Pellegrino Turri in 1808 for his blind friend Countess Carolina Fantoni da Fivizzono. Commercial production, however, began only with the â€Å"writing ball† of Danish pastor Malling Hansen (1870). This device looked rather like a pincushin. Nietzsche’s mother and sister once gave him one for Christmas. He hated it. More significant is the sholes and &Glidden Type Writer, which began production in late 1873an appeared on the American market in 1874: Christopher L. Sholes, a Milwaukee newspaperman, poet, and part-time inventor, was the main creator of this machine. The Sholes & Glidden typed only in capitol letters, and it introduced the QWERTY keyboard, which is very much with us today. The keyboard was probably designed to separate frequently- used pairs of typebars sop that the typebars would not clash and get stuck at the printing point. The S&G was a decorative machine, boasting painted flowers and decals .I looked rather like a sewing machine, as it was manufactured by the sewing machine department of the Remington arms company. For an in-depth look at this historic device , visit Darryl Rehr’s Web site â€Å" The First Typewriter.† The Sholes & Glidden had limited success, but its successor, the Remington, soon became a dominant presence in the industry. The Sholes & Glidden, like many early typewriters, is an understroke or â€Å"blind† writer: the typebars are arranged in a circular basket under the platen(the printing surface) and type on the bottem of the platen. This means that the typist( confusingly called a â€Å"typewriter† herself in the early days) has to lift up the carrige to see her work. Another example of a understroke typebar machine is the caligraph of the 1880,the second typewriter to appear on the American market. This Caligraph #3 has a â€Å"full† keyboard- separate keys for lower- and upper-case l... Free Essays on Typwriters Free Essays on Typwriters Typewriter patents date back to 1713, and the first typewriter proven to have worked was built by Pellegrino Turri in 1808 for his blind friend Countess Carolina Fantoni da Fivizzono. Commercial production, however, began only with the â€Å"writing ball† of Danish pastor Malling Hansen (1870). This device looked rather like a pincushin. Nietzsche’s mother and sister once gave him one for Christmas. He hated it. More significant is the sholes and &Glidden Type Writer, which began production in late 1873an appeared on the American market in 1874: Christopher L. Sholes, a Milwaukee newspaperman, poet, and part-time inventor, was the main creator of this machine. The Sholes & Glidden typed only in capitol letters, and it introduced the QWERTY keyboard, which is very much with us today. The keyboard was probably designed to separate frequently- used pairs of typebars sop that the typebars would not clash and get stuck at the printing point. The S&G was a decorative machine, boasting painted flowers and decals .I looked rather like a sewing machine, as it was manufactured by the sewing machine department of the Remington arms company. For an in-depth look at this historic device , visit Darryl Rehr’s Web site â€Å" The First Typewriter.† The Sholes & Glidden had limited success, but its successor, the Remington, soon became a dominant presence in the industry. The Sholes & Glidden, like many early typewriters, is an understroke or â€Å"blind† writer: the typebars are arranged in a circular basket under the platen(the printing surface) and type on the bottem of the platen. This means that the typist( confusingly called a â€Å"typewriter† herself in the early days) has to lift up the carrige to see her work. Another example of a understroke typebar machine is the caligraph of the 1880,the second typewriter to appear on the American market. This Caligraph #3 has a â€Å"full† keyboard- separate keys for lower- and upper-case l...

MGT 445 Negotiation Paper Essays - Corporate Finance, Free Essays

MGT 445 Negotiation Paper Essays - Corporate Finance, Free Essays MGT 445 Negotiation Paper Miami School District Negotiation Paper The Miami school district has had an unexpected increase in enrollment. This unexpected increase has forced them to re-evaluate the upcoming years school boundaries. The Miami school district has hired experts to redraw the school boundaries. The new plan means that many students will not be able to remain in their present schools. Parents are upset by this and have voiced their concerns and objections to the proposed plan. The Miami school board will have to educate the parents about the need for the new boundaries and the consequences if the new boundaries are not established. The forthcoming paragraphs will evaluate the parents concerns and ways the board plans to address the various concerns and issues. Quality of Education Parents are concerned that the quality of their childrens education will be compromised by the new plan. Parents argue that their children are established in their current schools, with their current classmates, and moving them will be disruptive to their learning. Many parents have chosen the schools their children are currently attending, and purposely purchased homes in the area because they wanted their children to attend the schools in the area. Parents are concerned that the faculty in the other schools may not be as good or as qualified as the current schools. Parents of high school aged children entering their senior years are upset that the students will have to change schools during their senior year possibly affecting scholarships and the academic grade point averages of the students. Additionally, the students will not be able to graduate with many of their friends they have gone through high school with. Increased Travel Time Parents are concerned about the added travel time their children will endure due to attending the new schools. Parents whose children normally walked to and from school will ride buses to and from school each day. Parents are upset and believe the new boundaries compromise their childrens safety. High school students will be driving further, adding to their chances of being involved in car accidents, and increasing car insurance rates. Crossing Economic and Cultural Boundaries Parents are concerned about their children attending schools with less fortunate children, in a neighboring area. Parents selected the area they are residing in for many reasons, of which included the economic and cultural diversity of the area. Parents do not believe the board has the right to force their children to attend the schools in the neighborhood less fortunate than the one they reside in. Parents fear inferior or prejudiced treatment towards their children, and that the students will not receive the quality of education they currently obtain. The parents believe the schools will not have the same resources as the schools in the current neighborhood. Parents are also concerned that the influence of gang and drug activity will be higher in the new schools and their children will be peer pressured into becoming involved in these inappropriate behaviors. Effect on Property Values The new school boundaries could also have an adverse effect on property value in the neighborhood. The homes are upper-middle-class, with part of their value based on the quality of schools in the area. Potential buyers will be less likely to purchase a home in the area, because, of the risk of their children not being able to attend the schools in the neighborhood. A drop in people interested in buying in the area will lower property values since the general population in the area are young families raising children. Purchasing a home for young families includes purchasing that home in a quality school district. Potential buyers may begin to look for homes elsewhere. Social Affects on Children Parents are concerned of the socially adverse affects on their children due to the new school boundaries. The neighboring schools are located in areas that are not as affluent as those in the current neighborhood are. Neighboring schools have higher instances of truancy, behavioral issues, lower average grades, and more gang type behaviors. Parents are fearful, if their children must move into these schools of what the negative influences will be and what impact they will have on their children and families. School Board Develops a Plan The Miami district school board

I will be able to provide you with more info once we get started Research Paper

I will be able to provide you with more info once we get started - Research Paper Example Language particularly the mother tongue is probably sensitive index for exploring the ethnic composition of the populations. Statistics based on the ability to speak a specified language or languages are perhaps the least useful measures for identifying the ethnic groups but they have a utility in connecting with the problems of educating and communicating with linguistic minorities and they are means of pointing out heterogeneity of languages within the country and measuring their individual strength. Such data are specially important in countries where more than one official language is being spoken. Two major types of errors in census data leads to over and under enumeration of the population in census the first one being the coverage errors and the second one being the content errors which affect the accuracy of the information collected for the covered population. Since coverage errors occurs most frequently in a population or subgroup than others it may affect not only the abso lute number of persons in a given category but also their relative distribution. Levels and patterns of coverage and content errors differs widely across countries and even from census to census in a given country. Data on mother tongue are designed to identify the cultural or ethnic groups in population by languages reported to have been spoken in early childhood presumably before immigration. Objective and Aim of the Study In this study I wanted to test the hypothesis the relation of languages spoken ( first and second languages) in country by the population in relation to birth in that country or may be an immigrant. Methodology We randomly collected data from a population called R and interviewed them on the languages spoken( first and second languages) and were also asked whether they were born in that country or not. While making this study we wanted to minimize the predicted errors of missing data, coverage errors and content errors. We simply left out the missing data while doing our analysis. Results Fig 1 reflects the data collected in the percentage of the population( valid data country born and preference of language spoken) versus the missing data percentage of population which was left out from the survey Fig 2: Series one reflects the frequency of population speaking language in the country versus the series 2 whether born or not born in that country. The correlation coefficient was calculated about the percentages of population surveyed and language spoken found that the correlation co-efficient was 1 which indicated that the language spoken is definitely related to the birth in a country that means the more the population born in a particular country more he speaks the first or native language of that

Writting assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Writting - Assignment Example ovide for all recognized subsequent events provided the availability of additional evidence in their financial statements considering the availability of this information during the date of the balance sheet or the development of the financial statements. In cases that a probability exist weighing on which a liability has been incurred provides for the reasonable estimation of the liability. 25-8 provides for the creation of the recognition of a loss contingency once the range in which the loss falls is probable for estimation (Accounting Standards Codification, n.d). In the same context, the retirement of an asset proves possible once the uncertainties provided become certain, and the company comprehends the effect caused in totality. During the development of the financial statements of December 31, 2007, the company needed to provide for the uncertainty in its records and based on the estimate developed, it proved necessary to include the rough estimate of $17million in the financials as liability. During the year 2009, the record of the liability stated as $17 million needed amending since the ruling had been made on the case providing for $18 million despite the appeal holding. In 2010, W filed for appeal against the ruling of the court of appeal on the matter. This leaves uncertainty still surrounding the matter and hence the need to continue holding the liability stated in the books. According to the ASC 410-30 dealing with asset retirement, it is only recognized once fully ascertained which ascertainment occurred in 2011 after W lost the appeal. It is, therefore, prudent for the effect of the appeal to occur in 2011 in the financials of M. The company needs to have all the liabilities recognized the right and recorded in the books of accounts based on the Accounting Standards provided. These all provide for the company to have its books and reports run in accordance with the accounting principles providing a true and fair view in the company’s